Analyze the short-term and long-term maternal and neonatal outcomes following placenta accreta, considering factors like maternal morbidity and mortality, neonatal complications, and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
1Dr shazia jang, 2Umar Tipu, 3Mansoor Musa, 4Qamar Abbas, 5Isma Abbas, 6DR AQSA AKRAM
Submission: 23 January 2026 | Acceptance: 14 February 2026 | Publication: 11 March 2026,
1Bakhtawar amin trust teaching hospital multan
2PIMS Islamabad
3UHS Lahore
4PIMS Islamabad
5PIMS Islamabad
6SENIOR REGISTRAR DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY FATIMA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL SHADMAN LAHORE
ABSTRACT:
Background: Placenta accreta is a serious obstetric disease, which is caused by abnormal attachment of the placenta to the myometrium, accompanied by multiple maternal and fetal complications, in most instances. It is gradually being reported since there has been an increment in cesarean pregnancy delivery. The evidence of the short and long-term results is crucial to making an improvement to clinical management and determining patient counseling.
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to review the short- and long term consequences of placenta accreta on maternal and neonatal outcomes with particular attention to maternal morbidity and mortality rates, neonatal morbidity, and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Methods: This is an observational study which was carried out in Bakhtawar Amin Trust Teaching Hospital, Multan, between the period May 2024 to April 2025. Ninety patients having placenta accreta were recruited. The data were gathered prospectively by using medical documentation followed by postnatal appointments as well as structured neurodevelopmental tests of the neonates up to six months after birth. Maternal outcomes including hemorrhage, admission to the intensive care unit, hysterectomy and death were noted. Neonatal measurements contained birth weight, Apgar scores, admission in the NICU and any complications in early neonatal period. Follow-up of neonates was a long-term and was developmental-milestones-based and neurocognitive-related.
Results: Sixty-eight-point nine percent of the mothers suffered acute postpartum hemorrhage, and 56.7 percent of the mothers received peripartum hysterectomy out of the 90 cases. In 43.3%, the patients needed ICU hospitalization, and 4.4% of the respondents passed away due to maternal mortality. In the case of neonatal outcomes, 61.1 percent of them had to be admitted to NICU, 25.6 percent of them rated low Apgar scores at 5 minutes, and 18.9 percent had early complications including respiratory distress or sepsis. The prevalence of neonates exhibiting either delayed early developmental milestones or mild neurocognitive impairment was 14.4 at 6 -month follow up. There also was a significant relationship between preterm birth and low birth weight and adverse long-term neonatal outcomes (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Maternal morbidity was high and a relatively large proportion of patients with the condition required critical care and surgery. In the short term, the short-term risk was early complication and subtle neurodevelopment delay of neonates born to the mother with placenta accreta. Noticeable in the improvement of maternal and neonatal outcomes was early diagnosis, multidisciplinary management, and controlled follow-up of the neonates.
Keywords: Placenta accreta, maternal morbidity, maternal mortality, neonatal complications, neurodevelopmental outcomes, hysterectomy, NICU.